Preheat pellet grill or smoker to 225℉ with your choice of wood or pellets.
Season the chuck roast - Rub about 2 tablespoons of hot sauce on all sides of the chuck roast as a binder (optional). Season all sides of the chuck roast with black pepper.
Smoke the chuck roast - Place the beef roast directly on the grill grates, and close the grill lid. Smoke at 225℉ for 3 hours. *The final internal temperature of the smoked chuck roast doesn’t matter, because it will continue to cook and braise in the beef stock and chili mix.
Blend the peppers - When the chuck roast is almost done smoking, add beef stock to a large pot with the dried peppers. Stew over medium heat for about 20 minutes for the peppers to soften. Then add the rehydrated peppers to a large blender cup with the beef stock. Blend until smooth. *See notes.
Rest and cube the smoked chuck roast - After 3 hours of smoking, transfer the roast to a cutting board to rest for about 20 minutes. Then cut into bite-sized cubes, about ¾" in size.
Sauté the poblanos and onions - While the chuck roast is resting, add about 1 tablespoon of oil to a large pot or dutch oven. Sauté the diced onions and poblanos in the oil over medium heat, stirring occasionally, until tender and slightly caramelized, about 8-10 minutes.
Preheat oven to 325℉.
Add the other chili ingredients - Add the blended pepper mixture, cubed chuck roast, canned beans, fire-roasted tomatoes, chili seasoning, tomato paste, and 2 cups of water to the pot with the sautéed poblano and onion. Stir well. *When adding the canned beans and tomatoes, add the liquid/juice from the cans also.
Braise the chili in the oven - Put a lid on the pot, and cook covered in the oven at 325℉ for 2 hours.
Cook on the stovetop to reduce - Transfer the pot to the stove, and cook uncovered on medium-low heat for about 1 hour, stirring occasionally and scraping the bottom of the pot so the chili doesn't burn on the bottom.
Adjust thickness of the chili as needed - When there is about 30 minutes of cook time left on the stove, begin adjusting consistency to desired thickness. Stir in ¼ cup ketchup, and continue to cook until done. *For a thicker chili, stir in 1-2 tablespoons masa and continue to reduce to desired consistency.
Serve smoked chuck roast chili with your favorite chili toppings like sour cream, shredded cheese, and sliced green onions. Enjoy!